Shark decline raises alarm over South Africa’s marine ecosystem
A sharp decline in shark populations along South Africa’s coastline is raising concerns among marine scientists, who warn that the loss of these apex predators could destabilize ocean ecosystems and disrupt the marine food web.
According to a 2026 report by the South African National Biodiversity Institute, 82 of the 191 shark species found in South African waters are threatened with extinction, while six of the 13 shark species endemic to the country's coastline are classified as endangered.
The disappearance of great white sharks from False Bay, once one of the world's most important habitats for the species, has become a particular concern for researchers and conservationists.
Speaking to Anadolu Agency on World Oceans Day, marine biologist Damara Naidoo said sharks play a critical role as apex predators and keystone species in marine ecosystems. She warned that their decline could trigger cascading effects throughout the food chain, altering prey populations and disrupting ecological balance.
Industry experts also point to commercial fishing as a major factor behind shrinking shark numbers. Karyn Cooper, whose company has operated shark-watching tours for three decades, said longline fishing targeting bottom-dwelling species has severely affected smaller shark populations.
While orca predation has been linked to changes in great white shark behavior and distribution, Cooper argued that multiple factors, including human activities, are contributing to the long-term decline.
Scientists say changes in predator dynamics have already begun affecting other marine species. Naidoo noted that reduced great white shark presence has coincided with increasing seal populations, potentially creating additional pressure on marine resources and altering ecosystem balance.
Experts are calling for stronger conservation measures and greater public awareness of sharks’ ecological importance, stressing that protecting top predators is essential to maintaining healthy and resilient ocean ecosystems.
Source-Photo:AA
